Jolanta Szeliga-Krol1  · Agata Betlejewska1  · Monika Buraczynska1  · Wojciech Zaluska1

Received: 29 September 2025 / Accepted: 25 January 2026 © The Author(s) 2026

Abstract

Aims Our study aimed to evaluate the association between the erythropoietin gene rs1617640 polymorphism and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetes patients.

Methods In this preliminary retrospective study the genotyping was performed on 860 DNA samples from Caucasian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). For analyzing the effect of the polymorphism, patients were assigned into three phenotypic subgroups: non-DR (without retinopathy), NPDR (with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy) and PDR (with proliferative diabetic retinopathy). The rs1617640 polymorphism was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and direct DNA sequencing procedures.

Results A statistically significant difference in the polymorphism distribution was observed between T2DM patients with DR (both NPDR and PDR) and those without DR. The minor G allele was associated with the increased risk of DR. In the NPDR subgroup subjects carrying the G allele had 1.53-fold higher risk of developing retinopathy. Similarly, in the PDR subgroup patients carrying the G allele showed almost twofold increased risk of PDR in a dominant model of inheritance.

Conclusion Our results demonstrate that in T2DM patients the EPO rs1617460 polymorphism is associated with signifi-cantly increased risk of developing DR. This finding can provide a new insight into the role of EPO gene in the pathophysi-ology of microvascular complications of diabetes.

Keywords EPO gene · Type 2 diabetes mellitus · Diabetic retinopathy · Single nucleotide polymorphism · Risk allele

Communicated by Marta Letizia Hribal.

 Monika Buraczynska 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

1 Department of Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

Andrea Tumminia1  · Raffaella Romano2  · Francesco Frasca1,3  · Francesco Galeano3  · Roberto Baratta1  · Vittorio Oteri3  · Alessia Longo3  · Lucia Frittitta3,4  · Rosario Le Moli5  · Tommaso Piticchio6  · Antonino Di Pino7  · Maurizio Di Marco7  · Luigi Piazza8  · Maria Carolina Picardo9  · Paola Magnano San Lio10 · Filippo Luca Fimognari11  · Marcello Romano2

Received: 13 November 2025 / Accepted: 5 February 2026 © The Author(s) 2026

Abstract

Background Pain may be absent in a substantial proportion of elderly patients with acute abdominal conditions. This study explored the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and asymptomatic presentation.

Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 215 patients aged≥65 years admitted with acute abdominal conditions. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from medical records. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify associative predictors of asymptomatic acute abdomen (AAA).

Results The median age was 82 years [77–86]; 54.4% (n=117) were female; 31.2% (n=67) had T2DM. Overall, 33.5% (n=72) presented without abdominal pain. T2DM prevalence was higher in AAA than symptomatic patients (44.4% vs. 24.5%, p<0.01). In multivariable analysis, T2DM (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.10–3.45, p=0.02), lower heart rate (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.71–0.96, p=0.01), and absence of fever (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.26–0.95, p=0.03) were associated with AAA. Among patients with T2DM, longer diabetes duration (12.5 years [10.5–14.5] vs. 8.8 years [5.0–11.0]; p<0.01) and higher HbA1c (8.2% [7.2–8.7] vs. 7.5% [6.8–7.6]; p=0.02) were associated with asymptomatic presentation.

Conclusions Asymptomatic acute abdomen is common among elderly patients. Long-standing and poorly controlled T2DM is associated with absent pain. Prospective studies are needed to clarify causal mechanisms, and early glyco-metabolic assessment may aid recognition of at-risk patients.

Keywords Type 2 diabetes · Acute abdomen · Elderly · Pain perception · Emergency medicine · Predictors

Annunziata Lapolla1  · Maria Grazia Dalfrà1  · Giuseppe Marelli2  · Mario Parrillo3  · Laura Sciacca4  · Maria Angela Sculli5  · Elena Succurro6  · Elisabetta Torlone7  · Ester Vitacolonna8

Received: 18 September 2024 / Accepted: 27 December 2024 / Published online: 22 January 2025 © Springer-Verlag Italia S.r.l., part of Springer Nature 2025

Abstract

Proper nutrition is essential during pregnancy to ensure an adequate supply of nutrients to the foetus and adequate maternal weight gain. In pregnancy complicated by diabetes (both gestational and pre-gestational), diet in terms of both the intake and quality of carbohydrates is an essential factor in glycaemic control. Maternal BMI at conception defines the correct weight increase during gestation in order to reduce maternal-foetal complications related to hypo- or hyper-nutrition. The recommendations presented here, which are based on national and international guidelines and the most recently published data on nutrition in physiological pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by hyperglycaemia and/or obesity, are designed to help healthcare professionals prescribe suitable eating patterns to safeguard the health of the mother and the foetus.

Communicated by Massimo Federici, M.D.

Annunziata Lapolla 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

1 UO Diabetologia, DIMED, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy

2 Ordine Ospedaliero San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Erba, CO, Italy

3 UOSD Endocrinologia e Malattie del Ricambio, AO Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano, Caserta, Italy

4 Dipartimento Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy

5 UOC Diabetologia e Endocrinologia, GOM Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli, Reggio Calabria, Italy

6 DPT Scienze Mediche Chirurgiche, Università Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy

7 AOS Maria della Misericordia SC Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy

8 Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienza dell’Invecchiamento, Università di Chieti, Chieti, Italy

Matthew Simonson1  · Yanliang Li2  · J. Jason McAnany2  · Jason C. Park2  · Felix Y. Chau2  · Bharati Prasad3,4 · Silvana Pannain5  · Erin C. Hanlon5  · Eve Van Cauter5  · Kirstie K. Danielson6  · Brian T. Layden6  · Hui Chen7  · George E. Chlipala8  · Carlos Martinez8  · Stephanie J. Crowley9  · Sirimon Reutrakul6

Received: 23 August 2025 / Accepted: 23 February 2026 © The Author(s) 2026

Keywords Metabolomics · Diabetic retinopathy · Diabetes Mellitus · Retina

Communicated by Massimo Federici, M.D Matthew Simonson 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

1 College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA

2 Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

4 Jesse Brown Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA

5 Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

6 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

7 Mass Spectrometry Core, Research Resource Center, Office of Vice Chancellor for Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

8 Research Informatics Core, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

9 Biological Rhythms Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA