Sara Ferrigno1 · Eneida Çela1 · Mauro Fatica1,2 · Benedetta Monosi1 · Arianna D’Antonio1 · Paola Conigliaro1 · Marina Cardellini3,4 · Susanna Longo3,4 · Massimo Federici3,4 · Maria Sole Chimenti1
Received: 20 February 2026 / Accepted: 26 March 2026 © The Author(s) 2026
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease characterized by a higher burden of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases than in the general population. Altered lipid and glucose metabolic pathways are widely observed, primarily due to chronic inflammation. However, metabolic dysfunction may also affect RA pathogenesis, further enhancing immune cell activation and joint damage. Glucose and lipid alterations observed in RA help define the comorbidity burden of this disease, significantly affecting disease activity and prognosis. The aim of the present review is to describe the role of metabolic dysfunctions in RA and to examine how disease activity and treatments can influence these conditions. We also summarized the main management strategies based on current literature and developed a cardiometabolic monitoring algorithm across different clinical settings to support daily patient care of these patients.
Keywords Rheumatoid arthritis · Glucose metabolism · Lipid metabolism · Atherogenesis · Inflammation · Immune-metabolism · Cardiovascular risk
Sara Ferrigno and Eneida Çela contributed equally to this manuscript
Communicated by Salvatore Corrao, M.D
Sara Ferrigno
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1 Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Systems Medicine, Department of “Medicina dei Sistemi”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy
2 Academic Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Via Giovanni Paolo II, C/da Tappino, Campobasso 86100, Italy
3 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy
4 Center for Atherosclerosis, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, Rome 00133, Italy
Georgios Mavraganis1 · Dimitrios Bampatsias1,2 · Christina Konstantaki1 · Kamil Stankowski3,4 ·Stavros Athanasopoulos1 · Chrysoula Moustou1 · Alexandros Alexandropoulos1 · Stefano Figliozzi3,4 ·Angelos Soranides1 · Ioannis Petropoulos1 · Dimitrios Klettas5 · Kimon Stamatelopoulos1,6 ·Georgios Georgiopoulos1,7
Received: 12 December 2025 / Accepted: 15 March 2026 © The Author(s) 2026
Introduction Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) often evades diagnosis before manifestation of clinical symptoms. In this study we explored how cardiometabolic traits influence early cardiac structure and function in asymptomatic people living with diabetes (PwD), using advanced imaging.
Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 88 participants: 57 people living with type 2 diabetes (PwT2D), 16 people living with type 1 diabetes (PwT1D) and 15 controls. All subjects underwent transthoracic echocardiography and/or cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. Strain analysis, perfusion indices, and tissue characterization (T1, T2, and extracellular volume) were assessed. Arterial stiffness via pulse wave velocity (PWV), ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC), circulating biomarkers and liver fibrosis indices were evaluated.
Results PwD had lower cardiac index than controls. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global radial strain were lower in both diabetes mellitus (DM) groups, while left atrial strain was most impaired in PwT2D (β-coefficient= − 11.77, P=0.003). DM duration≥10 years was associated with worse GLS (β-coefficient= − 2.18, P=0.033) and right VAC (β-coefficient= − 0.27, P=0.027) after multivariable analysis. While tissue characterization and perfusion indices showed no significant group differences, tight glycemic control in PwD correlated with improved myocardial strain parameters. PwT2D exhib-ited greater arterial stiffness (β-coefficient=1.52, P=0.003). In PwD, elevated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease score cor-related with increased left ventricular mass (β-coefficient=6,195, P=0.022) and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (β-coefficient= − 3.12, P=0.017). Higher growth differentiation factor levels were associated with reduced LVEF (β-coefficient= − 0.005, P=0.029).
Conclusion This multimodal imaging study highlights myocardial and vascular changes in asymptomatic PwD. Early com-prehensive cardiovascular assessment may help identify dysfunction before overt heart failure develops.
Keywords Diabetic cardiomyopathy · Cardiac magnetic resonance · Echocardiography · Arterial stiffness · Ventricular-arterial coupling · Liver fibrosis
原创:伤口治疗及造口护理中心
皮肤是作为人类健康与美丽的象征,当我们最初注意到一个人时,她健康的肌肤往往是形成美好的第一印象的重要因素。
健康与美丽是分不开的,尤其是对皮肤来说,这一点更加重要,如果没有了健康,便根本谈不上皮肤的美丽。
在日常的工作、学习、生活中,难免会有磕磕碰碰,时不时我们的身体就是因某些原因,造成不可避免的伤口出现。有时我们会发现,有些伤口会快速愈合甚至不留痕迹,而有些伤口经久不愈甚至情况愈演愈烈,造成不可挽回的后果,只有我们能够简单的初步认识伤口的各种情况,才能更好地对待我们所发生的一些伤口情况,使其快速愈合,让我们的身体恢复健康。
今天,小编就给大家讲解一下什么是伤口以及伤口的分类。
在日常生活中,当我们的机体受到伤害而造成伤口的时候,最希望伤口能够尽快愈合,恢复到未受伤时候的状态。通过观察不难发现,伤口几乎是一天一个样,那么机体是如何让伤口产生这些变化的呢?伤口有时如何进行修复的呢?
今天小编就告诉大家伤口的愈合过程,通过了解这个过程,我们能够更好地了解自己伤口所处在的周期,以及能够大概了解伤口是往好的方向发展还是往坏的方向恶化。话不多说,下面介绍今天的主题!
一旦有伤口出现,往往会有疼痛的症状发生,这些疼痛反复发作,让许多患者困扰不已。实际上导致患者出现伤口疼痛有些是伤口愈合期间的正常症状,有些由于伤口感染等原因导致,我们应该区别对待,区别处理。
伤口世界平台生态圈,以“关爱人间所有伤口患者”为愿景,连接、整合和拓展线上和线下的管理慢性伤口的资源,倡导远程、就近和居家管理慢性伤口,解决伤口专家的碎片化时间的价值创造、诊疗经验的裂变复制、和患者的就近、居家和低成本管理慢性伤口的问题。
2019广东省医疗行业协会伤口管理分会年会
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