Yu Zhu1,2*, Qingqing Liu1*, Yurong Zhu1*, Tiantian Guo1, Mengtong Jin1, Jiali Hao1, Chao Qi1, Xiaofeng Miao1, Duan Xi1, Jiamao Fan1#, Jin Li2

1 Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China

2 Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China

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How to cite this paper: Zhu, Y., Liu, Q.Q.,Zhu, Y.R., Guo, T.T., Jin, M.T., Hao, J.L.,Qi, C., Miao, X.F., Xi, D., Fan, J.M. and Li, J. (2022) Effects of Common Myokines on Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 12, 153-166. https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2022.123013

Received: February 17, 2022

Accepted: June 14, 2022

Published: June 17, 2022

Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, a type of chronic metabolic disease, is occurring more frequently and causes severe threats to human health. In vivo, exercise can stimulate skeletal muscle cells to secrete and release myokines into blood circulation, which will participate in metabolism and act on multiple organs or systems. Recently, the relationship between myokines and diabetes mellitus was a hot research topic, and myokines may be potential targets for the diagnosis, monitoring, prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus. In this review, we elucidated the multiple effects of common myokines in the pathogenesis and therapy of diabetes mellitus, which will provide a theoretical foundation of the mechanism in the positive effects of exercises on humans.

Keywords: Diabetes, Myokines, Islet Cells, Insulin Resistance

Anna Papadopoulou*, Petros Karkalousos, Maria Trapali

Laboratory of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Cosmetic Science, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece

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How to cite this paper: Papadopoulou, A., Karkalousos, P. and Trapali, M. (2022) Effects of Diabetes Mellitus upon Sperm Quality Insight into Molecular Level. Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 12, 75-86.

https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2022.122008

Received: January 10, 2022

Accepted: April 16, 2022

Published: April 19, 2022

Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Abstract

      Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that affects important body organs in a very serious manner. The consequences of this disease turn out to be a significant problem for the patient, who tries to cope with the new condition his organism has been placed in. The most common effect of the disease, hyperglycaemia, leads over time to serious damage to various body systems, such as nerves and blood vessels. What is not widely known among the population is that diabetes may have harmful effects on the reproductive system of the men suffering from diabetes type 1 and 2 and that such a parameter could lead to or might be the reason for infertility problems for couples, for example, miscarriage or embryonic failure. AGEs is a number of products which are believed to play an important role, because their presence has been detected in increased level in diabetic men. This implies that those glycation products might play a key role in diabetic complications. Their receptor, RAGE, member of the immunoglobulin superfamily has been detected in the reproductive tract of diabetic men. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a possible product of AGEs appear in high levels in seminal plasma and are believed to be the cause of DNA fragmentation. The objective of this review was to gather all the available material i.e. studies on diabetes mellitus in one article, to study the research which has already been conducted and the conclusions that have been drawn, in order to offer, if possible, new pathways and perspectives to the scientists, who focus on fertility problems, sometimes intractable.

Keywords

Diabetes, Nuclear Fragmentation, Sperm Quality, ROS, Sperm Motility, Sertoli Cells, RAGE, Sperm Structure, Gene Expression

王平义1*，孙若豪1*，张群辉2 ，赵万花1 ，李文华1#

1 西藏民族大学医学院，陕西 咸阳

2 青海大学医学院高原医学研究中心，青海 西宁

收稿日期：2022年7月11日；录用日期：2022年8月9日；发布日期：2022年8月16日

摘 要

背景：慢性病的发病率高、危险性大，是全球性公共健康首要问题。糖尿病宛如“慢性癌症”，是由饮食、环境、药物、遗传等因素导致的，体内胰岛素分泌相对或者绝对不足而出现的血糖代谢紊乱。常见以II型糖尿病为主，并发症可导致患者心肌梗塞、脑溢血、失明、肾功能衰竭和下肢截肢等严重后果，是影响人类健康和寿命的主要危险因素。目的：总结II型糖尿病大血管病变发病生物标志物的研究进展，以期为II型糖尿病大血管病变及其所引起的心脑血管疾病的防治提供新靶点。方法：以“macrovasculardisease in type 2 diabetes mellitus，pathogenesis”为英文检索词，以“II型糖尿病并发大血管病变，发病机制”为中文检索词，应用计算机检索PubMed、Medline、中国知网和万方数据库发表的相关文献，最终纳入文献59篇进行归纳分析。结果与结论：II型糖尿病大血管病变是由多种因素共同作用导致的复杂疾病。近年来，大量实验室和临床研究表明，其发生发展主要与非编码RNA、外泌体、炎性小体、活化T细胞核因子、骨形态发生蛋白等生物标志物有关，上述生物标志物有望成为II型糖尿病大血管病变新靶点。

关键词

糖尿病，血管病变，生物标志物，新靶点

文章引用: 王平义, 孙若豪, 张群辉, 赵万花, 李文华. II 型糖尿病大血管病变防治新靶点的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2022, 12(8): 7496-7504. DOI: 10.12677/acm.2022.1281082

Research Progress of New Targets for Prevention and Treatment of Type II Diabetic Macrovascular Disease

Pingyi Wang1*, Ruohao Sun1*, Qunhui Zhang2, Wanhua Zhao1, Wenhua Li1#

1 School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang Shaanxi

2 Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining Qinghai

Received: Jul. 11th, 2022; accepted: Aug. 9th, 2022; published: Aug. 16th, 2022

Abstract

Background: Chronic diseases are a major global public health problem due to their high incidence and high risk. Diabetes, like “chronic cancer”, is caused by diet, environment, drugs, genetics and other factors, and the relative or absolute insufficiency of insulin secretion in the body leads to the disorder of blood glucose metabolism. Type II diabetes is the most common type. Its complications can lead to myocardial infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, blindness, renal failure and lower limb amputation and other serious consequences. It is a major risk factor affecting human health and life span. Objective: In order to provide new targets for the prevention and treatment of type II diabetic macroangiopaemia and its cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, the research progress of type II diabetic macroangiopaemia biomarkers was summarized. Methods: Using the search terms of “macrovascular disease in type II diabetes mellitus, pathogenesis” in Chinese and English. Relevant literatures published by PubMed, Medline, CNKI and Wanfang database were searched by computer, and 59 literatures were finally included for induction and analysis. Results and Conclusion: Type II diabetic macrovascular disease is a complex disease caused by many factors. In recent years, a large number of laboratory and clinical studies have shown that its occurrence and development are mainly related to non-coding RNA, exosome, inflammasome, activated T nuclear factor, bone morphogenetic protein and other biomarkers, which are expected to become new targets of type II diabetic macrovascular disease.

Keywords: Diabetes, Vascular Disease, Biomarker, New Target

Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Hans Publishers Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

张晓艺1,2，谷茜茜3，江 雪1，薛雅卓1*

1 山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)护理学院，山东 泰安

2 山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)，山东 济南

3 济南市中心医院，山东 济南

收稿日期：2022年4月22日；录用日期：2022年6月10日；发布日期：2022年6月21日

摘 要

糖尿病是一组因遗传和环境因素共同作用导致的代谢性疾病，是目前全世界最常见的慢性疾病之一，严重威胁着人们的健康。氢医学处于蓬勃发展阶段，氢具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗凋亡以及调节信号通路的作用，近年来已被证实在预防和治疗包括糖尿病在内的多种疾病中发挥着作用。本文主要就氢医学的发展、氢分子的作用及其在糖尿病方面的基础研究和临床研究四个方面进行概述，以期为寻找更为有效的糖尿病辅助治疗方法提供新思路。

关键词

氢医学，糖尿病，综述

文章引用: 张晓艺, 谷茜茜, 江雪, 薛雅卓. 氢干预糖尿病的研究进展[J]. 护理学, 2022, 11(3): 347-353.

DOI: 10.12677/ns.2022.113058

Advances in Hydrogen Medicine Intervention in Diabetes Mellitus Xiaoyi Zhang1,2, Qianqian Gu3, Xue Jiang1, Yazhuo Xue1*

1 School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Science), Taian Shandong

2 The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Qianfo Mountain Hospital), Jinan

Shandong

3 Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan Shandong

Received: Apr. 22nd, 2022; accepted: Jun. 10th, 2022; published: Jun. 21st, 2022

Abstract

Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases caused by the joint action of heredity and environment.

It is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, and it is a serious threat to people’s health. Hydrogen medicine is in a vigorous development stage. Hydrogen has the effects of antiinflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti apoptosis and regulating signal pathways. In recent years, hydrogen has been proved to play a role in the prevention and treatment of many diseases including diabetes. At present, hydrogen medicine is in a vigorous development stage. This article mainly summarizes four aspects of the development of hydrogen medicine, the role of hydrogen molecules and their basic research and clinical research in diabetes, so as to provide new ideas for further research on hydrogen in the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Keywords : Hydrogen Medicine, Diabetes, Review

Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Hans Publishers Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/