The biochemistry of melanogenesis: an insight into the function and mechanism of melanogenesis-related proteins

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28 10月 2025

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Author : 伤口世界

The biochemistry of melanogenesis: an insight into the function and mechanism of melanogenesis-related proteins

This article is excerpted from the 《Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences》 by Wound World

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Quantitative proteomics analysis of young and elderly skin with DIA mass spectrometry reveals new skin aging-related proteins 2026-04-15 00:00

Jing Ma1,2, Mengting Liu1,2, Yaochi Wang1,2, Cong Xin1,2, Hui Zhang1,2, Shirui Chen1,2, Xiaodong Zheng1,2, Xuejun Zhang1,2, Fengli Xiao1,2,3 , Sen Yang1,2

1Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China

2 Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China

3 The Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China

Correspondence to: Sen Yang, Fengli Xiao;

email: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。, 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

Keywords: aging, epidermal proteins, skin rejuvenation and aging, proteome, mass spectrometer

Received: February 25, 2020

Accepted: May 27, 2020

Published:

Copyright: Ma et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

ABSTRACT

Skin aging is a specific manifestation of the physiological aging process that occurs in virtually all organisms In this study, we used data independent acquisition mass spectrometry to perform a comparative analysis of protein expression in volar forearm skin samples from of 20 healthy young and elderly Chinese individuals. Our quantitative proteomic analysis identified a total of 95 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in aged skin compared to young skin. Enrichment analyses of these DEPs (57 upregulated and 38 downregulated proteins) based on the GO, KEGG, and KOG databases revealed functional clusters associated with immunity and inflammation, oxidative stress, biosynthesis and metabolism, proteases, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. We also found that GAPDH, which was downregulated in aged skin samples, was the top hub gene in a protein-protein interaction network analysis. Some of the DEPs identified herein had been previously correlated with aging of the skin and other organs, while others may represent novel age-related entities. Our non-invasive proteomics analysis of human epidermal proteins may guide future research on skin aging to help develop treatments for age-related skin conditions and rejuvenation.
Inflammasomes as therapeutic targets in human diseases 2026-04-14 00:00

Yangxin Li1 , Hui Huang 2, Bin Liu3 , Yu Zhang1 , Xiangbin Pan4 , Xi-Yong Yu5 , Zhenya Shen1 and Yao-Hua Song6

Inflammasomes are protein complexes of the innate immune system that initiate inflammation in response to either exogenous pathogens or endogenous danger signals. Inflammasome multiprotein complexes are composed of three parts: a sensor protein, an adaptor, and pro-caspase-1. Activation of the inflammasome leads to the activation of caspase-1, which cleaves pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18, leading to pyroptosis. Effectors of the inflammasome not only provide protection against infectious pathogens, but also mediate control over sterile insults. Aberrant inflammasome signaling has been implicated in the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we review the role of the inflammasome as a double-edged sword in various diseases, and the outcomes can be either good or bad depending on the disease, as well as the genetic background. We highlight inflammasome memory and the two-shot activation process. We also propose the M- and N-type inflammation model, and discuss how the inflammasome pathway may be targeted for the development of novel therapy. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy (2021) 6:247 ; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-021-00650-z

1Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital and Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China; 2 Cardiovascular Department, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China; 3 Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China; 4 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China; 5 Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China and 6 Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China Correspondence: Yangxin Li (该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。) or Zhenya Shen (该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。) or Yao-Hua Song (该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。) These authors contributed equally: Yangxin Li, Hui Huang, Bin Liu.
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The biochemistry of melanogenesis: an insight into the function and mechanism of melanogenesis-related proteins

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