国家卫生健康委员会能力建设和继续教育中心 孙艺红1 陈康2 陈歆3 谷伟军2 郭远林4 李一君2 刘彤5 彭道泉6 母义明2 马长生5
1 中日友好医院心脏科，北京 100029；2 解放军总医院第一医学中心内分泌科，北京 100853；3 上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院高血压科 200025；4 中国医学科学院 北京 协和医学院 阜外医院心血管内科，北京100037；5 首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心脏 内科中心 国家心血管疾病临床医学研究中心 100029；6 中南大学湘雅二医院心血管内 科，长沙 410011
通信作者：母义明，Email：该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。；马长生，Email：chshma@vip. sina.com
【提要】 糖尿病是心血管疾病最重要的合并疾病，心血管疾病是 2型糖尿病患者致死致残的主要原因。为规范糖尿病合并心血管疾病患者的诊疗，国家卫生健康委员会能力建设和继续教育中心组织心脏科和内分泌科领域的专家，总结国内外相关学科研究进展及专家经验，制定了本共识。本共识分别从心血管疾病和糖尿病管理的角度进行阐述，涵盖糖尿病合并心血管疾病（主要包括动脉粥样硬化性心血管病和心力衰竭）的诊断、药物治疗及危险因素管理等相关的临床重要内容，旨在加强患者的综合管理并最终改善患者预后。心血管疾病的管理主要包括血压、血脂、抗栓、抗心肌缺血、抗心室重构等。糖尿病的管理主要包括生活方式干预、降糖、血糖监测治疗及低血糖预防。此外，本共识还针对特殊人群如糖尿病肾病、高龄（>75岁）及心血管危重症等患者给出了具体的临床建议。
【关键词】 糖尿病； 冠心病； 心力衰竭； 血压； 血脂； 降糖治疗、
Expert consensus on the management of diabetic patients with cardiovascular diseases
National Health Commissim Capacity Buiding and Continuing Education Center, Sun Yihong1 ,Chen Kang2 , Chen Xin3 , Gu Weijun2 , Guo Yuanlin4 , Li Yijun2 , Liu Tong5 , Peng Daoquan6 , Mu Yiming2 ,Ma Changsheng5
1Department of Cardiology, China‑Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; 2 Department ofEndocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China;3Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025, China; 4 Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China; 5 Department of Cardiology, BeijingAnzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing100029, China; 6Department of Cardiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Changsha 410011, China
[Summary]Diabetes is the most important comorbidity of cardiovascular disease, andcardiovascular disease is the main cause of mortality and disability of patients with type 2 diabetes.In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of patients with diabetes and cardiovasculardisease, the National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Centerorganized the experts from the field of cardiology and endocrinology systematically reviewing theresearch progresses and expert experiences of relevant disciplines from home and abroad, and formulated this consensus. This consensus covers the diagnosis, drug treatment, and risk factor management for patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease (including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and heart failure) from the perspective of cardiovascular disease and diabetes management aiming to strengthen the comprehensive management of patients and ultimately to improve the prognosis of patients. The management of cardiovascular diseases mainly includes the management of blood pressure, blood lipids, anti‑thrombosis, anti‑myocardial ischemia, anti‑ventricular remodeling and so on. Diabetes management mainly includes lifestyle intervention (including diet, exercise, weight loss, etc.), anti‑hyperglycemia therapy (including drugs and insulin), blood glucose monitoring, and hypoglycemic prevention. In addition, specific clinical recommendations are given to patients with special health care needs such as diabetic nephropathy, elderly (>75 years), and cardiovascular critical illness.
【Key words】 Diabetes mellitus; Coronary heart disease; Heart failure; Blood pressure; Blood lipid; Anti‑hyperglycemic treatment
中国中西医结合学会皮肤性病专业委员会色素病学组 中华医学会皮肤性病学分会白癜风研究中心 中国医师协会皮肤科医师分会色素病工作组
通信作者：何黎，Email：该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。；许爱娥，Email：该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。
【摘要】 目前认为黄褐斑的发病与遗传、日光、性激素等有关，涉及黑素合成增加、皮损处血管增生、炎症反应及皮肤屏障受损等机制。诊断主要依据临床表现和无创检测技术。该指南结合近年研究新进展，全面阐述了黄褐斑的病因及发病机制、临床表现、分期与分型、诊断及治疗等，旨在提高中国皮肤科医师对黄褐斑的诊治水平。
【关键词】 黄褐斑；指南；诊断；治疗
DOI：10.35541/cjd.20200900
Consensus on diagnosis and treatment of melasma in China（2021 version）
Pigmentary Disorder Group, Combination of Traditional and Western Medicine Dermatology; Research Center for Vitiligo, Chinese Society of Dermatology; Working Group on Pigmentary Disorders, China Dermatologist Association
Corresponding authors: He Li, Email: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。; Xu Ai′e, Email: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。
【Abstract】 At present, exact pathogenesis of melasma remains unclear, genetics, sunlight exposure, sex hormones, etc., are considered as the main causative factors. Its pathogenesis involves excessive melanin synthesis, vascular hyperplasia in skin lesions, inflammation and skin barrier impairment. The diagnosis of melasma mainly relies on clinical manifestations and non⁃invasive detection techniques. Based on research progress in recent years, this consensus comprehensively elaborates the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, staging and classification, diagnosis and treatment of melasma, aiming to improve the diagnosis and treatment of melasma by Chinese dermatologists.
【Key words】 Melasma; Guidelines; Diagnosis; Therapy DOI: 10.35541/cjd.20200900
Janice M. Beitz
Jill Cox
Leo M. Nherera
Marco Romanelli
Paul Trueman
伤口世界平台生态圈，以“关爱人间所有伤口患者”为愿景，连接、整合和拓展线上和线下的管理慢性伤口的资源，倡导远程、就近和居家管理慢性伤口，解决伤口专家的碎片化时间的价值创造、诊疗经验的裂变复制、和患者的就近、居家和低成本管理慢性伤口的问题。
2019广东省医疗行业协会伤口管理分会年会
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