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03 9月 2019

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Author : 伤口世界

擅长造口护理、造口并发症处理，对外科术后感染伤口、肿瘤伤口、下肢动/静脉溃疡、失禁、瘘管、糖尿病溃疡足、放射性皮炎及其他慢性疑难伤口处理均具有丰富的经验。

国际造口/伤口失禁治疗师（ET），东莞康华医院普外科护士长，广东省护士协会第一届伤口造口失禁护士分会常委，广东省家庭医师协会护理分会第一届委员常务委员会委员，广东省家庭医生协会护理分会第一届委员，康华医院伤口/造口/失禁专科护理质量管理副组长。参与东莞市科技进步奖一等奖课题一项，主持及参与市级课题3项，发表科研论文4篇，2015年获广东省伤口造口PPT演讲比赛第一名，2017在东莞市护理学会举办“东莞市伤口护理病例大赛”中荣获优胜奖。东莞市伤口造口实习基地带教老师、

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Current strategies and priorities for diabetic footwear design and production: a cross-European exploratory survey of clinicians and shoemakers 2026-04-11 00:00

Hadi Sarlak1,2 · Kamran Shakir1,2 · Giulia Rogati2 · Alberto Leardini2 · Lisa Berti1,3 · Paolo Caravaggi2

Received: 11 December 2025 / Accepted: 5 February 2026 © The Author(s) 2026

Abstract

Background Therapeutic footwear plays an important role in preventing ulceration in people with diabetes. Despite guide-lines recommending offloading footwear for individuals at risk of ulceration, limited data are available on the alignment between current industrial practices, clinical expectations, and evidence. This study explored current practices, priorities and challenges associated with diabetic footwear from manufacturers’ and clinicians’ perspectives across Europe.

Methods An exploratory cross-sectional survey was conducted between May and October 2025 to gather insights from diabetic footwear manufacturers and clinicians involved in diabetic foot care across Europe. A 26-item questionnaire was developed to explore product design, materials, innovation, and adherence to guidelines among manufacturers. Additionally, a separate 14-item questionnaire for clinicians examined footwear prescription, patient barriers, and industry communica-tion. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, and open-text responses underwent thematic analysis.

Results Nine manufacturers and twelve clinicians participated in the survey. While only half of the Manufacturers that completed the survey reported having a research and development department, most reported adopting data-driven design approaches (n=8) and scientific literature (n=7). Offloading, internal volume, and toe protection were the highest-ranking priorities for manufacturers, whereas aesthetics ranked lowest. Clinicians, conversely, prioritised accommodation of defor-mities, offloading, and comfort, and highlighted poor aesthetics and shoe weight as major limitations to adherence.

Conclusions This exploratory study suggests partial alignment between diabetic footwear manufacturers and clinicians on functional and offloading features but highlights gaps in aesthetics, materials, and sustainability. Better collaboration, data-driven innovation, and clearer product specifications could improve user adherence, prescription efficacy, and the preventive role of therapeutic footwear in diabetes care.

Keywords Diabetic foot ulcers · Therapeutic footwear · Offloading · Survey · Footwear design

Communicated by Massimo Federici.

Kamran Shakir

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Hadi Sarlak

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Giulia Rogati

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Alberto Leardini

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Lisa Berti

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Paolo Caravaggi

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1 Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Zamboni,33, Bologna 40126, Italy

2 Movement Analysis Laboratory and Functional Evaluation of Prostheses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy

3 Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna 40136, Italy
The erythropoietin gene polymorphism (rs1617640) is associated with retinopathy in type 2 diabetes patients 2026-04-10 00:00

Jolanta Szeliga-Krol1 · Agata Betlejewska1 · Monika Buraczynska1 · Wojciech Zaluska1

Received: 29 September 2025 / Accepted: 25 January 2026 © The Author(s) 2026

Abstract

Aims Our study aimed to evaluate the association between the erythropoietin gene rs1617640 polymorphism and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetes patients.

Methods In this preliminary retrospective study the genotyping was performed on 860 DNA samples from Caucasian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). For analyzing the effect of the polymorphism, patients were assigned into three phenotypic subgroups: non-DR (without retinopathy), NPDR (with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy) and PDR (with proliferative diabetic retinopathy). The rs1617640 polymorphism was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and direct DNA sequencing procedures.

Results A statistically significant difference in the polymorphism distribution was observed between T2DM patients with DR (both NPDR and PDR) and those without DR. The minor G allele was associated with the increased risk of DR. In the NPDR subgroup subjects carrying the G allele had 1.53-fold higher risk of developing retinopathy. Similarly, in the PDR subgroup patients carrying the G allele showed almost twofold increased risk of PDR in a dominant model of inheritance.

Conclusion Our results demonstrate that in T2DM patients the EPO rs1617460 polymorphism is associated with signifi-cantly increased risk of developing DR. This finding can provide a new insight into the role of EPO gene in the pathophysi-ology of microvascular complications of diabetes.

Keywords EPO gene · Type 2 diabetes mellitus · Diabetic retinopathy · Single nucleotide polymorphism · Risk allele

Communicated by Marta Letizia Hribal.

Monika Buraczynska 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

1 Department of Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with asymptomatic acute abdomen among elderly patients admitted to acute tertiary care hospital wards 2026-04-09 00:00

Andrea Tumminia1 · Raffaella Romano2 · Francesco Frasca1,3 · Francesco Galeano3 · Roberto Baratta1 · Vittorio Oteri3 · Alessia Longo3 · Lucia Frittitta3,4 · Rosario Le Moli5 · Tommaso Piticchio6 · Antonino Di Pino7 · Maurizio Di Marco7 · Luigi Piazza8 · Maria Carolina Picardo9 · Paola Magnano San Lio10 · Filippo Luca Fimognari11 · Marcello Romano2

Received: 13 November 2025 / Accepted: 5 February 2026 © The Author(s) 2026

Abstract

Background Pain may be absent in a substantial proportion of elderly patients with acute abdominal conditions. This study explored the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and asymptomatic presentation.

Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 215 patients aged≥65 years admitted with acute abdominal conditions. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from medical records. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify associative predictors of asymptomatic acute abdomen (AAA).

Results The median age was 82 years [77–86]; 54.4% (n=117) were female; 31.2% (n=67) had T2DM. Overall, 33.5% (n=72) presented without abdominal pain. T2DM prevalence was higher in AAA than symptomatic patients (44.4% vs. 24.5%, p<0.01). In multivariable analysis, T2DM (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.10–3.45, p=0.02), lower heart rate (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.71–0.96, p=0.01), and absence of fever (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.26–0.95, p=0.03) were associated with AAA. Among patients with T2DM, longer diabetes duration (12.5 years [10.5–14.5] vs. 8.8 years [5.0–11.0]; p<0.01) and higher HbA1c (8.2% [7.2–8.7] vs. 7.5% [6.8–7.6]; p=0.02) were associated with asymptomatic presentation.

Conclusions Asymptomatic acute abdomen is common among elderly patients. Long-standing and poorly controlled T2DM is associated with absent pain. Prospective studies are needed to clarify causal mechanisms, and early glyco-metabolic assessment may aid recognition of at-risk patients.

Keywords Type 2 diabetes · Acute abdomen · Elderly · Pain perception · Emergency medicine · Predictors

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主任医师、教授、博导，南方医科大学第三附属医院（广东省骨科医院）院长

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