王 爽¹,王涵学¹,孟晓彤¹,朱晓双¹,王亚蕊^1,2,陈 蕴^1,2△ (1.新疆医科大学护理学院,乌鲁木齐 830000;2.新疆区域人群疾病与健康照护研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830000)

[摘要] 近年来,1型糖尿病发病率呈上升趋势,其发病原因极为复杂,发生机制尚未完全阐明。已有研究证实1型糖尿病的发生和演变是典型的多基因、多因素、多阶段和多途径的过程,是遗传和环境因素共同作用所致。目前认为环境因素与感染因素、饮食因素、早期暴露事件、肠道菌群、免疫因素、其他因素及遗传因素的交互作用有关。该文对近年来1型糖尿病多重环境因素的相关研究进行综述。

[关键词] 1型糖尿病;环境因素;多重;自身免疫;综述

[中图法分类号] R587.1

[文献标识码] A

[文章编号] 1671-8348(2025)05-1255-05

Advancesonmultipleenvironmentalfactorsaffectingtype1diabetes *

WANGShuang ¹,WANG Hanxue ¹,MENGXiaotong ¹,ZHU Xiaoshuang ¹,WANGYarui ^1,2,CHEN Yun ^1,2△ (1.NursingSchool,XinjiangMedicalUniversity,Urumqi,Xinjiang830000,China; 2.HealthCareResearchCenterforXinjiangRegionalPopulation,Urumqi,Xinjiang830000,China)

[Abstract]

In recent years, the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes is on the rise. The causes of the diseaseare extremely complex, and the pathogenesis has not yet been fully clarified. Different types of studies haveconfirmed that the occurrence and evolution of type 1 diabetes is a typical process of polygene, multifactor.multi-stage and multi-channel,which is considered to be caused by the combined effect of genetic and environmental factors, At present.it is believed that environmental factors are related to the interaction of infectionactors, diet factors,early exposure events,intestinal flora,immune factors,other factors and genetic factors.This article reviews the research on environmental factors of type 1 diabetes in recent years.

[Key words] type 1 diabetes;environmental factors; multiple;autoimmunity; review